Description: The article discusses the impact of changes made to Internal Revenue Code Section 7702 by the ConsolidatedAppropriations Act, 2021. The Consolidated Appropriations Act made changes to the interest rates used calculatethe Section 7702 premium and cash value funding limitations for life insurance contracts

Description: This article reviews some of the highlights of th 2010 SOA Annual meeting including the impact on pricing resulting from Solvency II, Market Consistent Valuation of New Business - MCVNB, the latest on mortality, Standards of Practice in product development, managing risk in product design and a regulation update.

Description: This article discusses the Own Risk and Solvency Assessment ORSA Guideline that is being developed by the NAIC Group Solvency Issues working group as part of the Solvency Modernization Initatitve SMI. It looks at the purpose of the ORSA, the three sections of the NAIC ORSA and issues with current U.S. ORSA draft.

Description: 2011 Enterprise Risk Management Symposium, Chicago. This study investigates whether simulation-based models can be used to predict liquidity risk for banks, which must comply with Basel III by January 2015. The paper looks at the process of developing a measurement framework using Black-Scholes and Merton’s asset-based models to measure liquidity risk.

Description: 2011 SOA Enterprise Risk Management Symposium, Chicago. The stated purpose of this paper is to consider whether a more comprehensive and timely measurement framework for risk exposure is now needed and to examine one possible approach. This paper proposes a new approach to risk measurement that, along with capital measurement and more rigorous oversight, will allow banks an ability to manage risk.

Description: In this article, the author discusses the need to create a systemic risk regulator.

Description: The main elements of the current US, Canadian and proposed Solvency II regulatory capital regimes for property and casualty insurance companies are compared in this paper.

Description: A collection of essays written on the current financial crisis, lessons learned and future implications.

Description: U.K. life insurers writing participating business are required by the Financial Services Authority to value their assets and liabilities on a market-consistent basis. The purpose of this paper is to: • Explain the valuation approach based on market-consistent values and its rationale. • Set out the issues faced by life insurers in implementing the regime. • Explain how insurers addressed these issues. • Explain the importance of the modeling techniques they used.

Description: This session from the 2003 SOA Orlando Meeting focuses on the actuary's role and responsibility in the financial reporting process. It covers peer-review standards in Canada, Sarbanes-Oxley and the implementation of both in financial reporting. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Volume 29, No. 3.

Description: This session from the 2003 SOA Orlando Meeting focuses on WL and UL insurance products offered in the U.S. and Canada, market and regulatory differences and similarities, the comparison of product offerings and an overview of current issues in product development. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Volume 29, No. 3.

Description: 2003 Valuation Actuary Symposium, San Diego, CA. The panelists discussed issues arising from current financial trends that have had a more profound impact in restructuring our professional life than in any similar period in memory.

Description: 2003 Valuation Actuary Symposium, San Diego, CA. This session provided an update on the current status of the actuarial guidelines on VA death and living benefits, the Academy's work on a non-formulaic, RBC standard and GAAP developments.

Description: 2003 Valuation Actuary Symposium, San Diego, CA. This teaching session described current risk mitigation techniques and their impact upon valuation systems. Topics included: 1. Hedging mechanisms. 2. Policy updates. 3. Regulatory relief. 4. Anticipating evolution of GAAP measurement. 5. Product quarantine. 6. Realistic assumption changes, 7. Maximizing return and minimizing litigation.

Description: 2003 Valuation Actuary Symposium, San Diego, CA. This panel of appointed actuaries shared their perspectives and practical experiences in fulfilling the duties and responsibilities of the appointed actuary with the goal of providing a better understanding of the duties and responsibilities of the appointed actuary, supporting actuaries and staff.

Description: This session from the 2003 Washington D.C. Spring Meeting discusses an overview of the development of the 2001 CSO Mortality Table, how the 2001 CSO affects term and whole life products, the tax issues that will arise from adopting the new table and any unresolved issues. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Volume 29, No. 1, Session 81PD.

Description: Reflections of a Regulatory Actuary by Larry Gorski

Description: Regulators share their perspective on a variety of issues including statutory reserve related issues. From a session at the 2002 Valuation Actuary Symposium, held in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, September 19–20, 2002

Description: This presentation is a panel discussion, session number 3PD, from the 2002 Valuation Actuary Symposium, held September 19-20 in Lake Buena Vista, FL. The panelists, including an attorney, a rating agency representative, and a state examiner, discuss regulatory and accounting issues relating to reinsurance, focusing on statutory accounting. They discuss risk transfer and other requirements, which if not met can cause the loss of reinsurance credit, how rating agencies evaluate the quality of reinsurance, what state examiners look for when reviewing reserve credits, how to perform due diligence on reinsurers, how to structure transactions to provide maximum security, and special issues associated with international reinsurance.

Description: Discussion of the investigation of the Faculty and Institute of Actuaries in the United Kingdom relating to the events surrounding the closure to new business on December 8, 2000 of the UK’s Equitable Life Assurance Society.

Description: Presented at May 2002 Spring Meeting. This session covers NAIC 2001 changes to RBC requirements, the impact they have had on regulators, the rating agency reaction and proposed changes for 2002.

Description: From an interactive forum session at the 2001 Valuation Actuary Symposium, held in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, November 29-30, 2001 Discussion of the major financial reporting issues and concerns of senior actuaries in life insurance companies. Discussion focused cash flow testing methods and interpretation of results.

Description: From a session at the 2001 Valuation Actuary Symposium, held in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, November 29-30, 2001 Presents questions to actuaries who are experts in the field of actuarial valuation of insurance company assets and liabilities.

Description: The purpose of paper is to outline and illustrate some of the more important differences among the current US and Canadian regulatory capital regimes and the standard formula of the Solvency II framework using a hypothetical term-life insurance portfolio as an example.

Description: This panel discussion session explored alternative methods for accounting recognition of the costs of policyholder dividends. The theoretical bases, as well as the impact on anticipated earnings patterns, are discussed. Implementation issues are also discussed. Discussion of participating products in the UK and accounting methods used for them is also included.

Description: In May of 2001 the Credit Insurance Experience Committee was asked to respond to the National Association of Insurance Commissioner’s request to the Society of Actuaries to develop a recommendation for a uniform national valuation standard for credit life insurance policy reserves. This document contains the recommendation along with supporting material.

Description: This article addresses the need for overhauling the present system of life insurance regulation in the US and how the Optional Federal Charter would address this need.

Description: From a session at the annual meeting of the Society of Actuaries held in Chicago, Illinois, October 15-18, 2000 Discussion of purposes and approaches for creating interest-rate scenarios.

Description: This presentation is a teaching session, number 98TS, from the 2000 Annual Meeting of the Society of Actuaries, held October 15-18 in Chicago. The financial services industry is changing rapidly. Thirty years ago the industry made its profits from mortality and expense margins in premiums. Fifteen years ago it was interest margins on fixed annuities and universal life. Today profits come from fees on variable products, interest margin on fixed products, and mortality on term insurance. The instructors look to the future and discuss where profits will come from 10 years from now. Discussion from participants is included. From the Record of Society of Actuaries, Volume 26, No. 3.

Description: From a session at the 2000 Valuation Actuary Symposium held in Washington DC, September 14-15, 2000 The session provides a brief overview of a variety of financial reporting topics, most of which were discussed in more detail in the subsequent sessions. The overview included topical issues as follows: • National Association of Insurance Commissioners NAIC Life and Health Actuarial Task Force developments and directions • Other NAIC/regulatory development • American Academy of Actuaries AAA/Actuarial Standards Board ASB developments • Financial Accounting Standards Board/Security Exchange Commission FASB/SEC and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles GAAP developments • Tax developments • Reinsurance development • Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Modernization Act

Description: From a session at the 2000 Valuation Actuary Symposium held in Washington DC, September 14-15, 2000 A panel of regulators share their perspectives on valuation actuary issues and relationships with valuation actuaries and professional and industry associations.

Description: From a session at the 2000 Valuation Actuary Symposium held in Washington DC, September 14-15, 2000 This session talks about the issues that smaller companies deal with. Topics included: • Section 7 opinions —changing cash-flow testing requirements • C-3 risk-based capital requirements and methodologies • Setting and resetting X factors for Regulation XXX • Developing internal management systems • Regulatory update • Using outside consultants

Description: This presentation is an open forum, session number 12OF, from the 2000 Valuation Actuary Symposium, held September 14-15 in Washington, DC. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners [NAIC] has proposed a requirement that certain products have risk-based capital [RBC] C-3 determined as the greater of a calculation based on fixed factors, and results of a formalized cash-flow test. The panelists provide a summary of the requirements of C-3 testing, followed by an open discussion regarding implementation issues and other questions.

Description: From a session at a meeting of the Society of Actuaries held in San Diego, CA, June 22-23, 2000 Discussion of how actuaries can influence federal legislation in issues of interest to life insurance companies.

Description: From a session at a meeting of the Society of Actuaries held in San Diego, CA, June 22-23, 2000 Panel discussion of the work being done by the Society of Actuaries and the NAIC to further development of a Unified Valuation System.

Description: Slides from a session at a meeting of the Society of Actuaries held in San Diego, CA, June 22-23, 2000 This session discusses recent developments within the American Academy of Actuaries and the National Association of Insurance Commissioners with regard to reserving requirements for equity-indexed annuities and life insurance.

Description: Panelists discussed the implications of the growing trend in Canada toward demutualization of mutual companies into stock companies. Topics covered include: 1. The Canadian demutualization process and some interesting differences between companies and across borders. 2. How is eligibility determined? 3. What process is being used to determine allocation of shareholder value? 4. What mechanisms are in place to protect policyholders' reasonable expectations? 5. What internal and financial structural changes are driven by demutualization? 6. How financial markets assess stock value for companies operating internationally.

Description: 1999 SOA Annual Meeting, San Francisco. This panel explored ways in which disability insurance underwriting guidelines must be closely linked to product design and sales methods. Panelists discussed a number of specific issues, including emerging illnesses, the protective value of various testing procedures, the role of financial underwriting, and the links between product, price, and underwriting.

Description: 1999 SOA Annual Meeting, San Francisco. Presenters discussed the proposed NAIC model regulations dealing with guaranteed investment contracts. Covered topics: 1. Products subject to regulations. 2. Reserving methodologies described in the regulation. 3. Assumptions. 4. Required actuarial certifications.

Description: 1999 Valuation Actuary Symposium, Los Angeles. This session provided a brief overview of a variety of financial reporting topics most of which were discussed in more detail at later sessions. Topics included: 1. NAIC Life and Health Actuarial Task Force developments and directions. 2. XXX Implementation Status. 3. New annuity valuation tables. 4. Statutory codification project. 5. AAA developments, including practice notes. 6. Unified Valuation Systems. 7. FASB and SEC developments. 8. Recent tax developments.

Description: 1999 Valuation Actuary Symposium, Los Angeles. This session discussed issues of particular interest to valuation actuaries in smaller insurance companies. Topics included: 1. Regulation XXX. 2. Actuarial Guidelines 33 and 34. 3. Illustration actuary. 4. Current regulatory proposals. 5. Proposed new Section 7 requirements. 6. C-3 RBC Based on Cash-Flow Testing. 7. Use of outside consultants.

Description: This presentation is an open forum, session number 37OF, from the 1999 Valuation Actuary Symposium, held September 23-24 in Los Angeles. A panel of regulators share their perspectives on valuation actuary related issues, including the hot issues from a regulatory concern, their attitudes on relying on the judgment of company actuaries, their assessment of how the valuation actuary concept is working, comments on peer review, and comments on the NAIC Life and Health Actuarial Task Force. Discussion from participants is included.

Description: This presentation is an Interactive Forum, session number 20IF, from the 1999 Valuation Actuary Symposium, held September 23-24 in Los Angeles. The panelists discuss the American Academy’s Valuation Task Force and its committees working on the proposal to revise the Standard Valuation Law, referred to as the Unified Valuation Law [UVL], to update participants as to the status of the committees’ work. They provide a description of the activities currently taking place, and an update of where the revisions process stands and what the next steps are. The current system versus what is proposed are discussed, including concerns of regulators. Discussion from participants is included.

Description: 1999 Valuation Actuary Symposium, Los Angeles. This session focused on how the industry has responded to the financial management challenges associated with Equity-Indexed products. Topics included: 1. Investment hedging and market volatility. 2. Product modeling. 3. Participation rate competition. 4. Product evolution. 5. GAAP for Derivatives - FAS 133.

Description: From session 63 PD at the Spring regional meeting of the Society of Actuaries held in Atlanta, Georgia, May 24-25, 1999, panelists discuss current issues including adoption status and proposals for various regulations critical to product development efforts. Impact of XXX on product design and reserves is also discussed. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 25, No. 1.

Description: 1999 SOA Regional Meeting, Atlanta. In this session experts from the regulatory environment and from the insurance industry discussed whether the public interest is best served by the states or the federal government being the primary regulators of insurance or some system of bifurcated regulatory authority shared between the states and the federal government.

Description: From a session at the Spring regional meeting of the Society of Actuaries held in Atlanta, Georgia, May 24-25, 1999 Panel examined the failure of three major life insurance companies in North America: Executive Life, Mutual Benefit, and Confederation Life, changes that have taken place in the aftermath of these failures, and the likelihood of future failures.

Description: A discussion of the causes of Jamaica’s Life Insurance and Financial Sector Crisis in the late 1990s and its impacts on the life insurance industry

Description: 1998 SOA Annual Meeting, New York. Panelists discussed the activity of the newly emerging mutual holding company structure. Advantages and disadvantages of a MHC structure were addressed.

Description: 1998 SOA Spring Meeting, Maui. Panelists addressed recent, current, and proposed activity in the life insurance company financial reporting environment. Actuarial Guidelines 33, 34, and ZZZ were discussed as were equity-indexed products.

Description: 1998 Valuation Actuary Symposium. The panelists addressed the practical implications of how to use value-at-risk in a real-life setting, risk-based surplus, and an update of the C-3 component of RBC. This session is a mix between the regulatory situation and quantitative analysis.

Description: 1998 Valuation Actuary Symposium. In this open forum questions were fielded by the panel of experts. Some of the questions: 1. How do you pick spreads for use in your reinvestment strategy? 2. What's generally being done in terms of dynamically modeling policyholder lapsation? 3. How do companies treat riders and dump-in premiums and estimated gross profits for GAAP? 4. What impact does the current interest environment have on testing you are going to do this year? 5. Are there any suitable techniques for trying to aggregate the variable products with the fixed products?

Description: 1998 Valuation Actuary Symposium. The panelists provided background about the Unified Valuation Law model, how we got here, what's going on today in 1998, and what we can look for in the future.

Description: One of the most important influences on the development of an insurance market and on the development of professions, such as the actuarial profession, is the nature of regulation. This paper looks at four main economic models of regulation: 1. Market socialism, 2. Freedom with publicity, 3. Public interest, and 4. Public choice theory. The role of profession and other sophisticated products of the market order are also analysed.

Description: 1998 Valuation Actuary Symposium. The panelists discussed product design of Equity Indexed products, interest crediting strategies, investment risks, hedging issues, and internal controls and risk management for companies getting started in the derivatives market.

Description: 1998 Valuation Actuary Symposium. Dynamic Financial Condition Analysis is analysis and sensitivity testing and stress testing. Stated another way it is measuring the ability of a company to support future operations. The panelists provided an update on recent Society research that has been done and examples in practice.

Description: This article from SOA president David Holland, speaks to the need of the actuarial profession to consistently evolve with the needs of the 21st century.

Description: Presented at October 1996 Annual Meeting. Discusses the new regulatory requirements, including the invention of an illustration actuary and what the job entails, and the tasks to be accomplished in achieving compliance.

Description: Presented at October 1996 Annual Meeting. This session updates actuaries on the current status of non-forfeiture law changes for life insurance. Panelists discuss the impact of these changes on product design, compensation, and other product features.

Description: Presented at October 1996 Annual Meeting. This session presents and discusses the NAIC's model bill for risk-based capital as it relates to health insurance.

Description: Presented at May 1996 Spring Meeting. Provides updates on the current developments and status of the new nonforfeiture law and discusses several controversial issues.

Description: 1996 VALUATION ACTUARY SYMPOSIUM. This session was an introduction to the symposium and provided commentary on activities in LHATFA.

Description: 1996 Valuation Actuary Symposium. A panel of actuarial regulators answered the questions: 1. What are the regulatory expectations from asset adequacy analysis? 2. When regulators review a company's opinion and memoranda, what are the things they are looking for? 3. What are the things that haven't been done as well as they like? 4. What do they feel can be improved on in the process? 5. How does the process itself work?

Description: This session from the 1995 SOA Boston Meeting Panelists will review the Canadian experience in adopting dynamic solvency testing DST and the impact of DST on how companies do business, changes which have been made and the changes suggested to the DST. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 21, No. 4a.

Description: This panel will discuss the current status of NAIC activities with respect to risk-based capital RBC. The potential impact on financial reporting with respect to health products, specifically, indemnity, HMO, disability, and nontraditional products will also be discussed. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol.21, No. 4a.

Description: This session from the 1995 SOA Boston Meeting covers an update on the current status of the proposed new standard non-forfeiture law for life insurance. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 21, No. 4a.

Description: This session from the 1995 SOA Boston Meeting presents the issues in developing a reinsurance arrangement for fixed annuity products including rate crediting strategies, reinsurer solvency risk, fund management and regulatory issues. Also included is reinsurance of interest sensitive products, variable life and annuity and terminal funding. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 21, No. 4a.

Description: This session from the 1995 SOA Boston Meeting has former U.S. Senator Don Riegle speaking on the current government regime and an overview of banking and insurance. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 21, No. 4b.

Description: Presented at 1995 Valuation Actuary Symposium. Presents updates from the NAIC and its Life & Health Actuarial Task Force, and the Actuarial Board for Counseling and Discipline.

Description: This session from the 1995 SOA New York Meeting addresses asset prepayments including emerging prepayment experience in the mortgage-backed - CMO security arena, special modeling considerations when addressing prepayments and the NAIC's FLUX model and the scenario and assumption specifications of that model. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 21, No. 2.

Description: This session from the 1995 SOA New York City Meeting covers liquidity including the external view of liquidity, the internal view of liquidity and liquidity ratios and an actual liquidity stress situation. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 21, No. 2.

Description: This session from the 1995 SOA New York City Meeting covers the Society's research activities directly related to dynamic solvency testing, DST, a historical perspective of insolvencies and the uses of DST to determine financial impairment. From the Record of the Society of Actuaries, Vol. 21, No. 2.

Description: 1995 Valuation Actuary Symposium. In this session about small company issues, the panel discussed the role of actuaries in strategic alliances, the cost of regulatory compliance, and cash-flow-testing software.

Description: 1994 SOA Spring Meeting, San Francisco. This session provided an overview on the following issues regarding solvency analysis: 1. Will the actuary perform a financial condition analysis or provide an opinion on solvency? 2. Will the analysis be for internal use only or for public reporting? 3. Progress on the SOA's Dynamic Solvency Handbook. 4. Dynamic solvency research. 5. Canadian experience with solvency testing.

Description: 1994 SOA Spring Meeting, Orlando. This session is a brief summary and discussion comparing the role of the appointed actuary in different countries including the following: 1. Responsibilities. 2. To whom does the appointed actuary report? 3. Who sets the rules/standards? 4. Potential personal liabilities. 5. How well is the system working?